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12.0
Environmental Chemistry
Mandatory Experiments

12.1 Hardness in Water

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These revision notes summarise all of the key details from the video that you will need to recall for the exam, as per the marking schemes. There is an individual set of revision notes for every video.

Revision Notes

These quizzes allow you to see how well you've understood the content of this video. Unlike the Topic Quiz, these results are not recorded in your profile, but they are the best way to get ready for the more difficult questions in the Topic Quiz.

Here you can see all past paper questions related to this topic. These questions can also be found in the Past Paper Portal. Note that past paper questions from Section A of the exam (on Mandatory Experiments) are not listed here as part of this topic but can be found rather in the 'Question 1', 'Question 2' or 'Question 3' sections of the Past Paper Portal depending on where that mandatory experiment features in the exam.

2023 Question 7c)

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2024 Question 11c)

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2024 Question 4e)ii)

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2024 Question 4h)

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2023 Question 7c)

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2022 Question 4h)

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2021 Question 11b)

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2020 Question 10a)

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2020 Question 4i)

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2019 Question 4j)

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2018 Question 4j)

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2017 Question 4j)

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2016 Question 9

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2015 Question 4i)

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2014 Question 7e)

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2014 Question 4j)

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2013 Question 4i)

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2012 Question 7a) - c)

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2012 Quesiton 4j)

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2011 Question 11a)

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2011 Question 4g)

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2010 Question 4i)

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2009 Question 7

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2009 Question 4g)

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2008 Question 8b)

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2008 Question 10a)

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2008 Question 4e)

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2008 Question 4i)

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2007 Question 7c) - d)

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2007 Question 4b)

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2006 Question 8a)

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2005 Question 8d) - e)

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2004 Question 4f)

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2003 Question 8c)

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2003 Question 4e)

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